Influenza (the flu) 和 新型冠状病毒肺炎, the illness caused by the p和emic 冠状病毒, 两者都是传染性呼吸道疾病吗, 这意味着它们会影响你的肺部和呼吸, 并且会传染给其他人. Although the symptoms of 新型冠状病毒肺炎 和 the flu can look similar, 这两种疾病是由不同的病毒引起的.

Lisa Maragakis, m.s.D., M.P.H., 约翰霍普金斯大学感染预防高级主任, explains how the flu 和 新型冠状病毒肺炎 are similar 和 how they are different.

相似之处:新型冠状病毒肺炎和流感

症状

• 这两种疾病都会引起发烧, 咳嗽, 身体疼痛, 和 sometimes vomiting 和 diarrhea (especially in children). 了解更多关于 新型冠状病毒肺炎症状.
• 两者都可导致肺炎.
• Both flu 和 新型冠状病毒肺炎 can be asymptomatic, mild, severe or even fatal.

如何传播

• 流感和新型冠状病毒肺炎的传播方式相似. Droplets or smaller virus particles from a sick person can transmit the virus to other people nearby. The smallest particles may linger in the air, 和 another person can inhale them 和 become infected.
• Or, 人们可以触摸带有病毒的表面, 和 then transfer the germs 到mselves by touching their face. 
• People infected with the 冠状病毒 or the flu may not realize they are sick for several days, 和 during that time can unknowingly spread the disease to others before they even feel sick.

预防和疫苗

新型冠状病毒肺炎: 有几个 疾控中心推荐的新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗. 同样重要的是，接受一个 助推器，当你符合条件.

流感: A vaccine is available 和 effective in preventing some of the most dangerous types or to reduce the severity or duration of the flu. The flu vaccine is reformulated every year in anticipation of the influenza strains that are expected to circulate. It is very important to get vaccinated for the flu as the COVID p和emic continues.

预防新型冠状病毒肺炎和流感的其他方法

In most cases, serious disease 和 death due to 新型冠状病毒肺炎 or the flu can be 预防 by 疫苗. 此外, 戴面罩, 勤洗手，彻底洗手, 对着胳膊肘咳嗽, staying home when sick 和 limiting contact with people who are infected are effective safety precautions. 物理距离 限制了新型冠状病毒肺炎和流感在社区的传播.

远离流感和新型冠状病毒肺炎

With flu season here amid the continuing 新型冠状病毒肺炎 p和emic, 新型冠状病毒肺炎和流感有什么区别? How can you protect yourself 和 your family from both illnesses? Get these 和 other questions answered by 约翰霍普金斯医学院 infectious diseases experts from our Nov 12 Facebook Live event: “远离流感和新型冠状病毒肺炎 This Winter.”

远离流感和新型冠状病毒肺炎

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With flu season here amid the continuing 新型冠状病毒肺炎 p和emic, 新型冠状病毒肺炎和流感有什么区别? How can you protect yourself 和 your family from both illnesses? Get these 和 other questions answered by 约翰霍普金斯医学院 infectious diseases experts from our Nov 12 Facebook Live event: “远离流感和新型冠状病毒肺炎 This Winter.”

区别:新型冠状病毒肺炎和流感

导致

新型冠状病毒肺炎: 由2019年冠状病毒引起，也被称为SARS-CoV-2. There are different SARS-CoV-2 that have some differences in how severe or transmissible they are.

流感:由流感病毒引起. There are two main types of influenza virus called influenza A 和 influenza B. Different strains of influenza A 和 influenza B emerge 和 circulate each year.

症状

新型冠状病毒肺炎: Many people infected with the 冠状病毒 do not feel sick or have only mild symptoms, but they can still transmit the 冠状病毒 to other people. 检查 症状的完整列表.

新型冠状病毒肺炎 can sometimes cause a person to suddenly lose their sense of smell (anosmia) or taste (ageusia). This rarely occurs with flu, but it can occur with certain strains of the virus.

流感: 流感 does not typically affect a person’s sense of smell or taste, but otherwise has many symptoms similar to 新型冠状病毒肺炎 Rarely, 就像1918年流感大流行期间一样, a certain influenza strain does cause many people to lose their sense of taste or smell.

治疗

While different treatments may be used for 新型冠状病毒肺炎 和 the flu, 两者都是通过解决症状来治疗的, 比如退烧. Severe cases may require hospitalization 和 very ill patients may need a ventilator — a machine that helps them breathe. 对一些推荐十大正规网赌平台来说，药物 may help lessen the symptoms 和 shorten the duration of 新型冠状病毒肺炎 or flu.

新型冠状病毒肺炎: 治疗 for 新型冠状病毒肺炎 depends on the severity of the infection. For milder illness, resting at home 和 taking medicine to reduce fever is often sufficient. 更严重的病例可能需要住院治疗, 治疗可能包括静脉注射药物, 补充氧气, 辅助通风和其他支持措施.

流感: Oral antiviral medications can address symptoms 和 sometimes shorten the duration of the illness. 因为它们是口服的, these antiviral therapies can be prescribed for patients at home or in the hospital.

并发症

新型冠状病毒肺炎并发症的发展，包括 长期损害 到 肺, 心, 肾脏, 大脑 和 other organs 和 a variety of long-lasting symptoms, is possible after a case of 新型冠状病毒肺炎.

流感: Influenza complications can include inflammation of the 心 (心肌炎)，大脑(脑炎) or muscles (myositis, rhabdomyolysis), 和 multi-organ failure. 继发性细菌感染, 尤其是肺炎, 会在流感感染后发生吗.

感染

新型冠状病毒肺炎: 第一例病例于2019年底在中国出现, 和 the first confirmed case in the United States appeared in January 2020.

当前新型冠状病毒肺炎感染*

流感: 世界卫生组织估计 全世界每年有10亿人患流感.

冠状病毒和. 流感死亡- - - - - -

新型冠状病毒肺炎: 目前新型冠状病毒肺炎死亡人数*

流感: 世界卫生组织估计 29万至65万人死于流感相关疾病 每年在世界范围内.

The 新型冠状病毒肺炎 situation continues to change, sometimes rapidly. Doctors 和 scientists are working to estimate the mortality rate of 新型冠状病毒肺炎. 目前, it is thought to be substantially higher (possibly 10 times or more) than that of most strains of the flu.

这个信息来自 冠状病毒 新型冠状病毒肺炎 Global Cases map developed by the Johns Hopkins Center for Systems Science 和 Engineering.

感冒和流感季节预防措施:怎么做

1. 及时接种冠状病毒疫苗和增强剂. 参观 疾病预防控制中心网站的疫苗接种和加强的细节.

2. 打流感疫苗. 即使你通常不打流感疫苗, it is especially important to make sure you get one as long as the 冠状病毒 p和emic continues. 你去看医生打流感疫苗是安全的. 对于2021-2022年的流感季节，美国政府预计将采取措施.S. 疾病控制和预防中心，简称CDC， recommends that you get your flu shot in September or October. 问问你的医生你是否也应该打一针肺炎疫苗.
3. 别忘了孩子们. It’s important to ensure your children (over 6 months old) get flu shots — 和 any other 疫苗 they need. Kids age 5 和 up are eligible to receive one of the current 新型冠状病毒肺炎 疫苗. 学习更多关于跟上时代的知识 routine vaccinations for babies 和 kids during the 冠状病毒 p和emic.
4. 照顾好自己 为你的家人提供良好的营养, 充足的休息, 适当的水合作用, 定期锻炼和压力管理. 如果你感觉不舒服就呆在家里.
5. 继续保护自己免受冠状病毒的侵害. 即使你是 厌倦了冠状病毒的预防措施 比如勤洗手, 清洁和消毒, 戴口罩，保持身体距离, it’s especially important now to keep up the good work — 和 encourage your family to do the same.

了解更多关于 冠状病毒疫苗安全性 和 关于COVID疫苗，你需要知道什么.